JPEG Files

JPEG is a common image format.

JPEG File Characteristics:

• binary
• Color (24 bit, that is, 8 bits each of RGB)
• 2D
• Lossy compression
• 1 image

Reference:

1. William Pennebaker, Joan Mitchell,
   JPEG: Still Image Data Compression Standard,
   Springer, 1992,
   ISBN: 0442012721,
   LC: TA1632.P45.

Programs and routines to read a JPEG file:

• MATLAB can read a JPG file with a command like A=imread('file','JPEG').

Programs and routines to write a JPEG file:

• MATHEMATICA includes an Export[filename,object] command that can save a graphics object as a JPG file.
• MATLAB can write a JPG file with commands like

  
              IM(:,:,1) = red data;
              IM(:,:,2) = green data;
              IM(:,:,3) = blue data;
              imwrite ( IM, 'file.jpg', 'JPG' )
            

  .

  
              [ X, map ] = capture ( figure_handle );
              imwrite ( X, map, 'file.jpg', 'JPG' )
            

  .

Programs to display a JPEG file:

• Microsoft Internet Explorer can display a JPEG file.
• GIMP, the GNU Image Manipulation Program, can view a JPEG file.
• The Linux program gqview, can view a JPEG file.
• ImageMagick can view a JPEG file.
• The ImageVision program imgview can display a JPEG file.
• The Macintosh program jpegview can display a JPEG file.
• MATLAB can display a JPEG file, once it is read in, with a command like image(A).
• The netscape program can display a JPEG file.
• QuickTime or QuickTime Player can display a JPEG file.
• xv can display a JPEG file.
• Microsoft WORD can display a JPEG file.

Programs to convert a JPEG file to another format:

• Adobe Acrobat Professional can read a JPG file and convert it to PDF format.
• The ImageMagick, program convert can convert a JPG file to BMP, CGM, EPS, FIG, FITS, GIF, PBM, PDF, PGM, PNG, PNM, PPM, PS, RGB, TIF, XBM or XPM format.
• djpeg converts a JPEG file to BMP, GIF, PGM, PPM, RLE or TGA (Targa) format.
• GIMP, the GNU Image Manipulation Program, can convert a JPEG file to a variety of formats.
• The NETPBM program jpegtopnm can convert a JPEG file to a PNM file.
• Netscape can save a displayed JPEG file as a PostScript file.
• QuickTime can convert a sequence of consecutively numbered JPEG files into an MOV file (QuickTime animation).
• xv can save a JPEG file in BMP, FIT, GIF, PBM, PGM, PPM, RGB or TIF formats, among others.

Programs to convert a file to JPEG format:

• cjpeg converts a BMP, PGM, PPM, RLE or TGA (Targa) file to JPEG format.
• The ImageMagick, program convert can convert a BMP, CGM, EPS, FIG, FITS, GIF, PBM, PDF, PGM, PNG, PNM, PPM, PS, RGB, TIF, XBM or XPM file to JPG format.
• fig2dev can convert a FIG file to a JPEG file by a command like

              fig2dev -L jpeg input.fig > output.jpg
            

• The ghostscript program can convert a PS file to JPEG format.
• GIMP, the GNU Image Manipulation Program, can convert a file to JPG format.
• xv can read a BMP, FIT, GIF, PBM, PGM, PPM, RGB or TIF file, and save it as a JPG file.

Example Files:

• bent_fish.jpg, front, side and top views of a colorful fish model for use in a science animation;
• brain.jpg, the shadow of a head, with the image of a brain, and the optical system highlighted;
• brain_scan.jpg, an image of the activated portions of the brain during a particular activity;
• brushed_aluminum.jpg, a brushed aluminum texture.
• dome_back1.jpg, a mockup of how the science animation would appear in the auditorium;
• dome_neuron1.jpg;
• ebony.jpg, an ebony texture.
• emmaus.jpg an image of Hans van Meegeren's forgery "Christ and the Disciples at Emmaus", in the style of Vermeer.
• gerrymander.jpg, an image of the "Gerry-mander";
• head_44ks.jpg;
• marble.jpg, a marble texture.
• neuron_diagram.jpg;
• newton.jpg, which displays the convergence of points in the complex plane to one of the three roots of z^2=-1 under Newton's method;
• plywood.jpg, a plywood texture.
• png_bar.jpg, a bar graph;
• scs_logo.jpg, the logo for the School of Computational Science.
• shingles.jpg, an image of shingles.
• sines.jpg, a kind of bar plot of sine functions, created by BAR_PLOT.
• sink.jpg, an image of half a kitchen sink.
• spatter.jpg, a black and white spatter texture.
• stirling.jpg, which displays the convergence of points in the complex plane to one of the three roots of z^2=-1 under Stirling's method;
• vt_logo.jpg, a circular logo for Virginia Tech.

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